Weed population and biomass as influenced by polyethylene film colour and soil solarization duration in maize (Zea mays L.) field
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Abstract
Field experiments were conducted at the University of Calabar Teaching and Research Farm, Calabar, Nigeria, to assess the impacts of polyethylene film colour and soil solarization duration on weed control in maize (Zea mays L.) field. Factorial combinations of three colors of polyethylene film (white, green, and black) and four pre-plant soil solarization durations (0, 2, 4 and 6 week- periods) were laid out in a
Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Data collected on weed density, weed morphological group populations, weed dry matter and one-thousand grain weight of maize were analyzed and significant means separated using Fisher’s Least Significant Difference (FLSD) at 5 % probability level. White polyethylene was more effective in weed suppression and resulted in heavier 1000-grain weight of maize compared with the green and black. On the two-year average, soil solarization for 6, 4, and 2 weeks before planting reduced weed density by 81.03, 59.26 and 30.47 %, and weed dry matter by 76.61, 66.21 and 29.97 % respectively, compared with no solarization (control). Polyethylene film colour and solarization duration effects on weed morphological group populations followed similar patterns as weed density. Interactively, the control plots produced the highest combined mean weed density, highest mean weed dry matter, and lightest mean 1000-grain weight (137.81–143.85 g). The 6-week solarization with
white polyethylene which produced the least weed density, least weed dry matter, and heaviest mean 1000-grain weight (195.81 g), is recommended for maize growers in the study area as the most effective treatment combination.
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