Synergistic effects of 2, 4-epibrassinolide and NPK fertilizer on okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) growth and nutrient use efficiency in South-Eastern Nigeria
Main Article Content
Abstract
Tropical soils under high annual precipitation are often characterized by low pH, which is detrimental to crop growth. Here, we explored the optimum rate of NPK fertilizer to combine with 2,4-epibrassinolide (BR) to maximize yield, and nutrient use efficiencies (NUE) of okra
on an acidic soil derived from coastal plain sands. Two BR levels [with (BR1) and without (BR0)] were studied at four NPK rates [0 kg/ha (control), 100 kg/ha, 200 kg/ha and 300 kg/ha].Soil pH, organic matter content, TN, and available P varied considerably with NPK
rates, with or without BR, with the highest levels under 300 kg/ha. With or without BR, plant photosynthetically active radiation, dry matter and fruit yields increased progressively with increasing fertilizer rate. The NUE (agronomic nutrient use efficiency= 11.26 gg-1; physiological nutrient use efficiency= 8.52 g kg-1) at the 100 kg/ha rate was significantly higher than the other rates. Treatment with BR alleviated the inhibition of okra growth under acidic soil by boosting light interception (199.20 μmol m-2s-1) for improved photosynthesis
and elevating soil pH for enhanced nutrient uptake. Treatment with BR could induce some tolerance of soil acidity, allowing for reasonable fruit yield up to 100 kg/ha NPK rate.
Downloads
Article Details
Issue
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
References
Aalallah, M. Anik, M. Nishi, N. Jahan, 1. Khatin, M.A., Mäther, R A Ralanan M. H. (2024) Application of anmbined GA and NAA treatstenta improve sicill and quality of Dars ( Apricainee LI 2 45. Moong100744279-024 100055-
Adekys. A. D. Aghede. T. M. Aboyeji CM. Dinsin, O. A Ughe 1 0 (2019) Caeen mames and NPK fertilizer effects on sil poperties, growth, yield, mineral and vitamin C compution of L March) Annd of SS Agrivainerul S 216-221 pong/10.1016/j.j 2017.05.0065
Adesemay. E. A & Adekayode, FO (2019), Agricultural potential of rival Tumpatalp sand for oil palm (Ελασίς ηνίας) cuvation in Пон Local Geminen Arca, South-Eastzm Nigaria. Journal of Santhi Agriwalner and the Environme 171113-18
Adesina, OL & Wim, KO (2020) Influster of poultry masse saira L Muench) in Rivers Stale burnal of Expl Agriculture δηλεσκοπική, 42(3) 116-120
Alele, B. (2012) Enhancing fertiley
statas of a severely degraded All und maite yield thusigh application of pailty mamae and NPKlizn Agriculture and Fond Scener Awan, 521, 222-228
Babato LA & Dlamy J. (1999) Effet FN PR 15:15:15 level and plant spacing on perfimnance and helf-life of oka Agricultural Scsencсит, 11), 24-29.
Balsstada, L. A., Ojo, D. O. & Adewuyim 0. B (2010) Effect of NPE yield of okra-ewerten minu and post harvest quality of okta Proceedings of Horticultural Society of Nigeria Conference. P 74-74
Baker, N.R. (2008) Chlorophyll prahe of photosynthesis in vien Anal Revive of Plat Binh 89-113 Барселер 10.1146 lant 99/132607.092759
Relete F, Decha, N, MA. A Tara, T (2018) Effect of nitrogen fertur sates on grain yield anil nitroges uptake and axe effuiemy Lets the Terms of cennal highlands othpa Agriculture and Food Sexunity, 7(1), 1-2
Black. CA (1985) Method of Snil Waconsin, pr. 1914-025
Boy R.H. & Kurtz LT. (1945) Determination of haal organic and arsilable fionee of phosphurnin suil Soil Science 59. 39-45.
Soil sampling and methods of my 2nd edition Canadi Society of Soil Science, CRC Pres Boca Raton, Florida, USA
Dinkpa, S. O. N., Tubin-West, M. Baraka. R. & Oglu A. C (2019) Fiehl zvaluation of so kachu L masen) varies at the humal upies Rivers State Cilobal Art of Anticalheal Research.. 7(21 21-34
Emezu, C. T. (2013) Imperingka yuell and fertility of a severely degnaled Am application of inorgana: fertilizers and animal mamans Sol and Erwatul Scar, 12, 1-6
Tindal, S. (2019) Melatonin, promotes plant growth by maintaning integration cundmation atal between carbon and nitrogen methulams Reyurt Plant Cil 38.001-1012. po.71007000299-019 412423-Fageria NK120lt. The use of malnema in crop plants CRC
TAOSTAT, (2000). Foul and Amcalhral Organization Statista h://www.fao.org/fast/al QCL assessed Angiot 202005
Fariduddin, Q, Ahmed, M., Mit BA Yusuf, M. & Khan, T. A. (2015). 2, epassinulide mitigates the adverse effists of mangsac inalced toxicity through improved ardunalard photosynthetic Science and Prllamar Rewrch, 22, 11349-11359.
FED (2002) Departmani Federal Fer Ferlikaer management practices for crops in Nigeria. Produced by Federal Fertilizer Department Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development Abuja, pp. 188
Food and Agesculture Organization (FAO) (2019), Virid outcomes of oka from the 2019 min intervention FAQ Emergency and Division Rome Italy PSE-D.org
Gaman, E. (2011) Inorganic fertilization in crop peadadain. Merile and Agricutum Scies Research 2,4-perts Growth 18:16 286-291.
Cuplu. D., Bhardwaj, R. Nagar, P. K. & Kate, 5 (2004), Isolation and chwacierization of bresinosternals from leaves of Camvis (L) Plaer Growth Regulation 43(2), 97-100
Hiyat 5 Valas, S., Al B. & Ahmad A (2020 Interactive effect of tric anide and brassino steroids photosyntheses and the antioxidant Lycopersicon en Rusman Jurned of Plant Physiodigy 57,212-201
Hazen-Niri, H. Tobeh A, Kiholipatii. A H Alamasti-e-Sumarin, 5.1. (2010) The effect of nitrogen nas on nilnigen use efficiency in lestil. World Applied Scener Jurnal (7), 1943-1946
Huvan, M.A., Falud, S., Shwil, R., Jan, M.F., Munds, M., A, Q., Alumial, A., Ahmad 11. Amin, N., Ajaya, RS., 2. Ou L, Sim, C Ahmad Hou. 1. (2820) Multifunctional brasinosteroid and analomes plants Plant Go Regulation, 92, 141-156.
Brahim, L. Au, A. & Abubakar, 1 (2002) Firowth indices and yield of kmalo (Leoparήτας σταδεχτως gracing at Sarmoru. Proceedings of fie Sth Asmaal Conference of Nigeria 40-47 Sosely jo
wall In, O. B. (2010). Influence of combined aperiication of Agrolyser and NPK fertilizer using foliar and suil application methad properties and yield of maize (Zes mays L. Applied Tropical Agriculture, 2011), 67-72
Ivaghu, A. G. Onueghu, B. A. & The, A. E (2013) Growth and yield response ofakes (elmente L Moench) NPK fertile rades and weral interference in South-castem Nigeria. Jational Rech Journal of Agricultural Science and Sail Soway, 3491 324-335 hipdix din mg/10.1430ijas 201 3098
Jadoon, M. (1989), Soil Chemical Analysis Advance me 121 Department of Soil Sece Lleiversity of Wiscoman, United States of Aments
Khan, FA. Din, L., Ghallist, A& Khan, K. W. (2002). Evaliation of different cultivars of k the Age-climatic conditions of Ders bmail Khan Ar of Plant Serener, 1101 663-864.
Kalawule, GO. Olapede, A.O. Aliale, CR 10 (2008) Response Archule Varieties in NPK fertilizer in the Sungh One Sms of Niger Nigerion Journal oftical Scwce, 13, 99.108.
Lege B. N. (2012) Soll chemical affected properties by phosphorns and nitrogen-bued mamire and compost application Soal Convertutto, 21, 411-416
Li. H., Wang, J. Chen, Y. & Li 120131 Effects of brassimulide on frit mowth and quality of paya Sowk African Aurul Agricainwal 1150-1153 44
La 1, Zong, X. F., Ahmad A. 5. Wu, X., Wu, C. Li, Y. P. & Wang, S. G. (2000) Alteration مر mondo-physiological attribtiles of Lys (Trin (Tzvelev by application bravunoide under varying levels of drought sheet Chilem Journal of Agricultural Research, 81, 61-71 Melean, EO (1982, Alaminum. In CA Sprengstic thects of 3, praeter on Drs Growth Black jol Methoxami Part 1. Madison Anierican Society of Agmeny
Manman, A. M., Abdal, K. M. Moynal, H. M. Ahh. K. Q. Higuchi, H. & Nawata, E. (2013). Respume of soylicantu sanity: Cowth and sield of some selected genotypes Tropical Agricultural Development 37,31-411
Murphy, 1. & Riley the (1962) A of modifinal single solution method For determination phosphorus in nalimal waters Annals of Chemical 2, 27-35
Masa, M., Hashir, K. A&T 5. A (2017) Bexpanse of s L Walpi Varieties in phosphons levels in Sualan International of Nigeria Multidisciplinary Resstech Joumal. 7,23-29.
M. Saverds, 1. & Mitali, 1. (2024) Effect of plant powron growth and yield of Nayak DA Rain, P. Sukiri MAHY 701 agromaticumditum Bhubaneswar Ahny of Larre Renal 24 174-80 hipchang: 10.9734/2004/2410919
Nuvia, R. & Loom. R. 5. (11 plants playa anste nide antung Siving organisms, through ther ability photosynthes Plan 177-204
Chi. C. O. Neatrals, P. C. & Onicha, E (2005) Effect of kitchen was and tillage un chemical properties and yield of Nigerian Jurnal of Ser 15.69-76
Ojeniyi S. 0. 1200th. Effect of qual namke en soil nutrient and ok yield in a rain forextarea of Nigeria. Αγράνα Τηρια Agulher, 5 20-32
Ojesiyi 5.0. & Adejoro. 5 (2013) Sil and plant nutrient composition growth and yield of cassava influenced by integratial application of NPK fertilizer and puliry mature. New York Science Journal, 59, 62-68
Clawayi O. 1, Babatinic. FE Akinbode. Q. A. Oderode, AC& Dlakojob, S. A. (2010) Influence of arbuscular mycrhizal and NPK Fertilizer on the productivity of cucumber vutran Priscerdings of the 44th Annual Conference of Agricultural Socutty of Nigeria. Hell at Lake Akintola University Technology nf (LAUTECH hetween 18th-22 Other 2010
Olgan. B. 1. (2013) free of anung NPK fertilizer application and now spacing in a frui yield and fertility of an acid Alfun in denvail savama of Nigeria Agricultural Sciemn Resenh Jumal, 64, 683-689,
Omundo, S. O. & Shilla, O. S. (2007) Effect of NPK fertilizer rates and method of application on growth and yical of ukra amnul Merchi Rech Journal of Agrawa 1421, 84-87
Que, V. Ping. A.. Nkorruvem, 1. M& Eneji. A E (2016). Interac effects of plant growth maturs and sihogen on sum growth and nitrogen use efficiency. Joumal af Plant Nutrition, 30 (11), 1597-609 10.1080/01004167.2016. 1161779
Que V. Pina, A. & Enep A. E (2018) Interactive leverde and fine on prowth and yield of maize Zea mays L. in acid soils of South-East Nigena Communication in Soil Science anal Phan Anh 40, 2918-2911
Que, V. Ping. A lên, L. & Enej., AE 12019) Brimide effects maite (Zes muy growth and yield ander waterhugged conditions mul Phuy Natrition, 42 954-969
E Que V. Ping. A. Thralin, AE A (2819) Plant for mitigating field waterlogging stresi on maiteaternational Jurnal of Plant and Soul Scrnir, 30, 1-14
Oi V. n, 1. Sia, V. Itam, MO.. Okamoto, H. An. P. & Enji. A. E (2021) Salinity effects morpho-physiological and yield traits of sheas Ghear mai Li as mediated by Galiat spray with 541.hipsdoung 10.3390/plants1 003054) P10
Ote, V. Ihralim, A., Udo, L. Kashiwagi. 1. Maton, A., Shau, Y., Ilham, M., An P & Encji. A. E (2022 Foliarly applied 24-epibeavde modulacs datrial conductivity of the satirsinl thizospérer sol eturacis ul rybean salinity sms Phant 2330phoi.org/10.339 plant 11182330
OV. An. P. Ali, L., Akpan, I, Amina, V. Olim, D, Iyamalı, D. Akpan, V Encji. AE (2025) Soil physico-charmical properties anal Mield response of user 24-epistasindidemiker war nad of Plant Nuritия, 39.55. 10.308001904167.2004 2376224
Page, A. 1. Miller, B. H. & Keeney, D. R (1982) Methods of Soil Analysis Part Chemical ant Microbadoncal Properties (Sesonal Edition Madison American Society of Agronomy Incorporaind 112-114
PK & Onweerma 12015 June of hireridasis on the perfumance of okra and selected properties of soils of Ogoni land, Southeastern Nigeria. Agricaltre and Earth Seuw 1411-10
Reguera, M. Peley. Z. Absei-Tamali. V M. Tominhang, E. R. Deisten, CA Bumwall, E (2013) thecal kinat vynthesis dnight mantough the coonfinated
trolation of amilationt atal nitrog in 02 Pint 1609-1622.
Ren, J. Nie, T. Wang, Y. Li, H., Liu, T Zhang, 5. Vin. L. Wang S, Ding, X. & K. (2020) Coordinatni relation of al nitrogen amilation in Experiments 176, 104086 pang/10.1016 2020 704050
Rơn, 1. Yang, X., Ma. C. Wang Y Zhan L (2021) M nhances drutada res tolerance in maize theugh coodinat region of sonatal nitrogen ansmilation. Plot Plynology and Rincheniny, 147 10.1016/j.plapky: 2021.00.007
Sekar, M. P. (2013). Effects of liming a exchangeable acidity and gro Vield of mul Jarmilf Agricaltrul Ser 1942), 412-417
Shaldaz. M. Au, M. (2007) Influence of exigeren application of brassmodernd in wth and materal Praw L.) under saline conditans, Pakine Sal Βαλτος, 3912) 513-322 Mitrients of wheat
Sharma, P.K. Mishra, D.J. &Panky. A. (2016) Genet variability hadies for yield and cetirirating nails in ulkan Abed L Mocnet. Jawnol of Applied und Natural Science, 131, 1634-1637, 10.3101 jam 83.1014
Uh, B.T. EL 1.0, Owweremadi, EU & Unylionya. SE. (2013) Agricultural Potential of the Beach Ridge Soils of the Niger Della, Nigeri. Malaysian Journal of Soil Sc1,17-37
Vandhin, B. V. & Anjun, N. A. (2015) Beninosteroid make plant lide inder shiotic stres mainly by euäidating majue components of antonidant defense ExS, 2, 67,
Walkley A. & Back, LA (1934). An examination of the degljan organu maller and mualifications of the shenani exmaciam suthed Soil Soner, 37,29-38
Weil, A D. (2012) Saly of the appupee time of NK C111 6-12.
Yadu, K. & Das, J. (2004). Effects of plant growth regson the prodaction of vegetables. AGB/R, 4012) 984-987