Surface charge characteristics of coastal plain soils in Cross River State, Nigeria.
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Physico-chemical and Point of Zero Charge (PZC) of coastal plain soils of Cross River State, Nigeria were studied. Four profiles representing coastal plain soils were studied in Calabar South and Akpabuyo Local Government Areas. The soils were coarse-texturedwith high sand content exceeding 70 % in the surface, giving surface textural classes of loamy sand or sandy loam overlying sandy clay and sandy clay loam subsurface.The soils were characterized as follows: soil reaction, very strongly acid (pH 4.0 -4.5), mean organic carbon contents of 1.98 % for surface soils, available P (29.31mgkg-1),effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) was low (2.36-6.26 cmolkg-1); base saturation (65 -74 %) The ΔpH values (pH in KCl –pH in H2O) were negative with mean values of –0.63 and –1.01 for surface and subsurface of coastal plain soils. PZC values were 3 and 3.9 for Calabar and Akpabuyo soils, indicating that the PZC values were typical of natural soils. These findings revealed that surface charge depends on the activities of potential determining ions (H+and OH-) and electrolyte concentration (ionic strength), in the soil. With the negative delta pH (ΔpH) values in all the horizons, the coastal plain soils are negatively charged.
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