BIOMETRIC ASSESSMENT AND GROWTH DYNAMICS OF WEST AFRICAN CLAMS (Galatea paradoxa, BORN 1778) IN ITU RIVER: IMPLICATIONS FOR FOOD SECURITY AND SUSTAINABLE FISHERIES

Abstract

Galatea paradoxa, the West African clam, plays a vital role in regional food security and sustainable livelihoods. This study investigates the morphometrics, length-weight relationship, condition factor, and fecundity of G. paradoxa from the Itu River, Nigeria. A total of 64 specimens were sampled over three months (May–July 2025) to assess growth patterns and reproductive potential. Morphometric analysis revealed shell length ranging from 2.2 to 5.1 cm and body weight from 12.7 to 39.9 g. The length-weight relationship showed negative allometric growth (b = 0.955), indicating that clams grow longer faster than they gain weight. Condition factor (K = 0.052) was low, suggesting limited energy reserves. No visible gonads were observed, preventing fecundity estimation. These findings highlight the need for seasonal monitoring and reproductive studies to support sustainable harvesting. Given the clam’s importance in local diets and economies, understanding its biology is essential for conservation and food system resilience. This research contributes baseline data for future stock assessments and supports sustainable development goals through informed fisheries management.