ORGANIC MANURES INCUBATION: ENHANCING NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY FOR OPTIMUM CROP PRODUCTION

Abstract

Enhancing nutrient availability in organic manures for optimum crop production through incubation is one of the sustainable nutrient management strategies. This study investigated the mineralization patterns and nutrient release potential of three organic manures; poultry, pig, and cattle during a controlled 28-day incubation period. The objective was to determine the temporal nutrient dynamics and their implications for optimized crop nutrition. Each manure type was incubated and key parameters were monitored at five intervals (Day 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28). The highest nitrogen (0.25%) and potassium (0.20%) levels were from poultry manure, followed by pig manure (0.24%, 0.18%) and the lowest from cattle manure (0.22%, 0.17%). Phosphorus availability peaked early and declined, suggesting potential fixation or microbial immobilization. The pH levels in different manure types were significantly correlated with nutrient availability. Significant changes in nutrient availability over time were noticed due to microbial activity and chemical reactions. The observed pH stabilization, consistent nutrient release, and favourable temperature range suggest that a 21–28-day incubation period is optimal for most manure. The slow-release nature of organic manure helps maintain nutrient availability over a longer period, which could support the entire growing cycle of many crops without repeated input of fertilizer.